Automobile

Summary
  • The Automobile industry in India is a significant driver of macroeconomic growth and technological development. *
  • The USD 222+ bn Automobile industry is expected to reach USD 300 bn by 2026. * Export of total number of automobiles registered a positive growth of 35.9% from FY 2020-21 to FY 2021-2022. *
  • India will be selling 20% blended ethanol by 2025. *
  • India gets Asia’s longest and world’s fifth-longest High-Speed Track for automobiles.*
  • India is projected to be the world's third-largest automotive market in terms of volume by 2026. *
  • The Department of Heavy Industry has helped set up India's first Machine Tool Park (TMPT) with a world-class facility on 530 acres of land. *
  • Department of Heavy Industry entails promoting engineering industry viz. machine tools, heavy electrical, industrial machinery and auto industry and administration of 29 CPSEs and 5 autonomous organizations. *
  • In terms of manufacturing output, India is the 2nd largest in two-wheelers, 7th largest in commercial vehicles, 6th in passenger vehicles and the largest in tractors globally. *
  • The automobile sector contributes about 35% to the manufacturing GDP of the country. * 
  • Motor Vehicles, Trailers & Semi Trailers sector engages 10.95 lakhs of people consisting of 6.73 % of the total employment share. *
  • Passenger car exports witness a growth of 26%. * 
Reasons To Invest
  • India’s trucking market is expected to grow over 4x by 2050. The number of trucks is expected to more than quadruple, from 4 mn in 2022 to roughly 17 mn trucks by 2050.*
  • India is expected to emerge as the third-largest Automotive market in the world in terms of volume by 2026, followed by China and USA.*
  • India’s “Make in India” initiative has played a vital role in elevating the country’s position.*
  • The International Centre for Automotive Technology (ICAT) is a top-class automotive testing, certification and R&D service provider under the support of NATRiP (National Automotive Testing and R&D Infrastructure Project), Government of India. ICAT is situated in the northern automotive hub of India in Manesar.*
  • Nearly 80% of Delhi's entire bus fleet to be electric by 2025.*
  • The auto field contributes to about 14-15 % of India's GDP, GOI aims to increase up to 25-30 %.*
  • GOI has chosen 9 expressways where 6,000 charging stations have been sanctioned and about 3,000 shall be installed soon to reduce the problem of charging in electrical vehicles.*
  • GOI is providing support up to INR 362 crore per gigawatt in this sector of EVs under the PLI Scheme.*
  • Banks and non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) in India have the potential to achieve an electric vehicle (EV) financing market size of INR 40,000 crore (USD 5 bn) by 2025 and INR 3.7 lakh crore (USD 50 bn) by 2030. *
Key Achievements
  • India is the largest manufacturer of 2W and 3W and the 4th largest manufacturers of passenger cars in the world.*
  • BHEL has spent around INR 30 cr on R&D expenditure and filled 34 patents/copyrights.*
  • BHEL supplied the Steam Turbine and Generator package for the project India's first of its kind, highest rated, 700 MWe Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor.*
  • E-Amrit has been developed and hosted by NITI Aayog under a collaborative knowledge exchange programme with the UK government and as part of the UK–India Joint Roadmap 2030, signed by the Prime Ministers of the two countries. E-Amrit is a one-stop destination for all information on electric vehicles—busting myths around the adoption of EVs, their purchase, investment opportunities, policies, subsidies, etc.*
  • TCIL launches first e-vehicle charging station in South Delhi area at South Extn. Part I with support of SDMC to help in popularizing use of e-vehicle and in reducing pollution in metro city of Delhi.*
  • NITI Aayog, Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI), and RMI India released a report, titled ‘Banking on Electric Vehicles in India’, which outlines the importance of priority-sector recognition for retail lending in the electric mobility ecosystem.* 
  • Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (POWERGRID), has laid the foundation stone for first ever Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) in the state of Meghalaya at its office complex at Lapalang, Shillong.*
  • World's most advanced technology is developed Green Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) - Toyota Mirai, the first of its kind project in India which aims to create a Green Hydrogen based ecosystem in the country.*
  • Under the Scheme for Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles in India Phase-II (FAME India Phase II) of the Ministry of Heavy Industries, 2877 public EV charging stations have been sanctioned in 68 cities.*  
  • Patent was granted by Patent Office to ARAI for Dual Fuel System for Induction of CNG into a Diesel Engine.*
Recent Announcements

21st March 2023: 2,56,980 electric vehicles registered in India in 2023 as of 15.03.2023.

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22nd February 2023: Shri Alkesh Kumar Sharma oversees the Transfer of indigenous Technology on Smart Energy Meter and Electric Vehicle Charger to Industry Partners.

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10th February 2023: Ministry of Heavy Industries launched PLI Schemes for Automobile and Auto Component Industry and National Programme on Advanced Chemistry Cell (ACC) Battery Storage.

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3rd February 2023: Export of automobiles registers a growth of 35.9% from 2020-21 to 2021-22.

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19th January 2023: Davos 2023: India’s auto industry looking at next phase of growth with EVs.

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Statistics
  • The Automobile industry can be categorized into subsectors such as passenger vehicles, commercial vehicles, three-wheelers and two-wheelers. Two-wheelers occupy the dominant position, constituting about 80% market share and overall passenger vehicles comprise 13%.
  • The industry produced about 22.9 mn vehicles including Passenger Vehicles, Commercial Vehicles, Three Wheelers, Two Wheelers and Quadricycles in financial year 2021-22. *
  • The current annual sale of vehicles of all categories is expected to reach 84.5 mn by 2030. *
  • India has a total of 13, 34, 385 Electric Vehicles and 27,81,69,631 non-Electric Vehicle in use. * 
  • 2,877 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations sanctioned under FAME–II in 68 cities across 25 States/UTs. *
  • India ranks first in the world market in terms of unit production of 2 wheelers, 3 wheelers and Tractors; fifth in unit production of passenger vehicle and commercial vehicles. *
  • GST on electric vehicles has been reduced from 12% to 5%; GST on chargers/ charging stations for electric vehicles has been reduced from 18% to 5%. *
  • 8.77 lakhs Active Electric Vehicles are on Indian Roads as on 8th December 2021. *
  • There are 966,363 electric vehicles on road across the country as on 31st January 2022. *
  • India’s Automotive Industry is worth more that USD 100 bn and contributes 8% of country’s total export. The industry accounts for 7.1.% of India's GDP and contributes 4.7% of India's total exports. * It is set to become the 3rd largest in the world by 2025. *
  • The number of electric vehicles in the country, as per Vahan 4 data, as on 25th March 2022, is 10,76,420 and a total of 1,742 Public Charging Stations (PCS), as per the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), are operational in the country, as on 21st March 2022. *
  • The index of Industrial production of Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers (weight: 4.86 %) values at 109.5, increased by 7.1 % in April 2022 over April 2021 which was valued at 102.2. *
  • Export of total number of automobiles increased from 41,34,047 in 2020-21 to 56,17,246 in 2021-22, registering a positive growth of 35.9%.*
  • Export of Passenger vehicles including cars increased from 4,04,397 in 2020-21 to 5,77,875 in 2021-22, registering a positive growth of 42.9%.*
  • Presently, 07 No.'s of operational WSA facilities are equipped with EV charging stations.*
  • 43 no. of Public Charging Stations (PCS) are currently reported to be operational on 16 National Highways across the country.*
Growth Drivers
  • The Indian government aims to increase the total industry size to INR 15 lakh cr by 2024. *
  • There is a 2.5x increase in charging stations with additional installation of 678 public EV charging stations in 9 mega cities in four months from October 2021 to January 2022. *
  • 22,000 EV charging stations to be set up by Oil Marketing Companies across the country in prominent cities and highways. *
  • ICAT Signs MoU with the NorthCap University for Emerging Technologies.*
  • By 2026, as per the Automotive Mission Plan 2016-26, the Automobile industry has the potential to contribute about 12% of total GDP and create 65 mn jobs. *
  • TCIL aims to set-up 65 e-charging stations in progressive manner in next four months in South Delhi area within easy reach of citizens of Delhi. Each charging station can charge 6 Two/Three/ Four wheeler vehicle at a time. *
  • IREDA, the largest lender of the Renewable Energy sector in India, sanctioned a loan of INR 267.67 crores to BluSmart Mobility for the purchase of 3,000 all-electric cars. *
  • BIS has published standards for Test Specifications for Lithium-ion Traction Battery Packs and Systems (Performance Testing) for Electrically Propelled Road Vehicles. The standard IS 17855: 2022 for these battery packs and systems is harmonized with ISO 12405-4: 2018.*
  • COP 26 President and NITI Aayog launch initiatives to boost electric mobility and promote battery reuse and recycling market in India.*
  • ICAT Signs MoU with the NorthCap University for Emerging Technologies.*
  • The Ministry has sanctioned 2,877 electric vehicle charging stations in 68 cities across 25 states/UTs.*
FDI Policy
  • Under the automatic route, 100% Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is permitted along with full delicensing. Hence, making it easy for investors to set up their manufacturing plant/shop in India.
  • Automobile Industry’ has emerged as the top sector during the first three months of F.Y. 2021-22 with 27% share of the total FDI Equity inflow. *
  • The cumulative FDI equity inflow in the Automobile Industry is USD 34.11 bn during the period April 2000 to December 2022. This constitutes 5.45% of the total FDI inflow received across sectors. *

Read more about Foreign Direct Investment Policy in India >

Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme

The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi has given its approval to introduce the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme in the Automobile and Auto Components sectors for Enhancing India’s Manufacturing Capabilities and Enhancing Exports – Atmanirbhar Bharat.

Financial Outlay- INR 57,042 cr

For more details on PLI Schemes, Click Here

Sector Policy

National Programme on Advanced Chemistry Cell Battery Storage*

  • The scheme envisages setting up of a cumulative ACC manufacturing capacity of fifty (50) GWh for ACCs and an additional cumulative capacity of (5) GWh for Niche ACC Technologies.
  • In addition to 50 GWh of cumulative ACC capacity, 5GWh of cumulative capacity would be offered to “Niche” ACC technologies of higher performance with a minimum threshold capacity of500 MWh. This initiative would also be technologically agnostic

Charging Infrastructure for EVs - The revised consolidated guidelines and standards*

  • The guidelines have been amended to accelerate the E-Mobility transition in the country.
  • The objectives is to enable faster adoption of Electric Vehicles in India by ensuring safe, reliable, accessible and affordable charging infrastructure and eco-system

National Automobile Scrappage Policy

  • The Policy is aimed at creating an ecosystem for phasing out old unsafe, polluting vehicles and replacing them with newer safe and fuel-efficient vehicles.
  • The policy will help in increasing Automobile sales, provide employment, reduce import costs, generate incremental GST revenue and help to solve the global shortage of semiconductor chip.
  • The policy will provide an important link in creating a circular economy (waste to wealth)  for the country.

Fame India Scheme *

  • The Scheme aims to create demand by way of supporting 7000 e-Buses, 5 lakh e-3 Wheelers, 55000 e-4 Wheeler Passenger Cars and 10 lakh e-2 Wheelers.
  • In the First Phase of the FAME Scheme, about 2.8 lakh hybrid and electric vehicles were supported by way of demand incentive, amounting to about INR 359 crore. The Ministry of Heavy Industries had sanctioned about 520 Charging Stations/ Infrastructure for INR 43 Crore (approx.) under Phase-I of FAME India Scheme.
  • The Fame India Scheme II is proposed to be implemented over a period of 3 years with a financial outlay of INR 10,000 cr, for faster adoption of electric mobility and growth of electric and hybrid technology to improve the eco-system in the country.
  • 6,315 electrical buses have been sanctioned to various State/City Transport Undertakings under Phase-II of the Scheme.
  • Ministry has sanctioned 2,877 Electric Vehicles (EVs) Charging Stations amounting to INR 500 Crore (Approx.) in 68 cities across 25 States/UTs and 1576 charging stations amounting to INR. 108 crores (approx.) across 9 Expressways and 16 Highways.
  • GOI allocates INR 1000 crore made under FAME II for provision of EV charging stations.
  • Under FAME India Scheme I & II, a total of 532 charging stations have been installed as on 15th July, 2022 (479 FAME-I and 53 under FAME-II). 
  • Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) have established 3448 electric vehicle charging stations at their Retail Outlets (ROs)  as on 01.07.2022.

Automotive Mission Plan 2016-26 (AMP 2026) *

  • The Automotive Mission Plan 2016-26 (AMP 2026) outlines the trajectory of growth of the automotive ecosystem in India, including the glide path of definite regulations and policies that govern research, design, technology, testing, manufacturing, import/ export, sale, use, repair, and recycling of automotive vehicles, components and services.
  • The Automobile industry is projected to be the third-largest in the world, contributing 12% to GDP.
  • The industry has the potential to generate USD 300 bn revenue and 65 mn additional jobs by 2026.
  • The Automobile industry is one of the prime movers of the manufacturing sector and the “Make in India” initiative. It aims to increase exports of vehicles by five times. 
  • The plan also foresees India to be the first in the world in the production/sale of small cars, two-wheelers, three-wheelers, tractors and buses; and third in passenger vehicles and heavy trucks.

National Automotive Testing and R&D Infrastructure Project (NATRIP) *

  • The project has been set up at a total cost of USD 573 mn to enable the industry to adopt and implement global performance standards.
  • It aims at converting India’s unparalleled strengths in IT and electronics with the automotive engineering sectors.
  • The main area of focus is on providing low-cost manufacturing and product development solutions.
  • Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises has constituted NATRIP Implementation Society (NATIS), an autonomous body, for the execution of NATRIP.
  • As a part of the program, 7 test centres have been finalized to set up the test facilities – iCAT, GARC, NATRAX, ARAI, VRDE, NIAIMT, NCVRS.

National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020 (NEMMP) *

  • The NEMMP initiative has been taken up to encourage consistent, affordable and competent xEVs (hybrid and electric vehicles) that meet consumer performance and price expectations through government-industry collaboration.
  • Promotion and development of indigenous manufacturing capabilities, required infrastructure, consumer awareness and technology are additional objectives of NEMMP 2020.
  • policies aimed at gradually ensuring a vehicle population of about 6-7 mn electric/hybrid vehicles in India by the year 2020 along with a certain level of indigenisation of technology, thereby ensuring India’s global leadership in some vehicle segments.

 

Explore Government policies/schemes in the Automobile sector >

Financial Support

Union Budget 2022-23

  • The total budgetary allocation for FY 2022-23 towards the  Ministry of Heavy Industries is INR 3,306 cr.

R&D Incentives for Industry and Private Sponsored Research

  • A weighted tax deduction is given under section 35 (2AA) of the Income Tax Act. A weighted deduction of 200% is granted to assess for any sums paid to a national laboratory, university or technological institute. The said sum is used for scientific research within a program approved by the prescribed authority.

Manufacturers with In-house R&D Centre

  • Section 35 (2AB) of the Income Tax Act 26, 1961 provides a weighted tax deduction of 150% of the expenditure incurred by a specified company, on scientific research in the in-house R&D centres as approved by the prescribed authority. This does not include expenditure on the cost of any land or building. The weighted tax deductions of 150% are effective until 31 March 2020. Consequently, the weighted tax deductions will be 100%.

State Incentives

  • Apart from the mentioned incentives, each state in India offers additional incentives for industrial projects. Incentives are provided in the following: rebates in land cost, relaxation in stamp duty exemption on sale or lease of land, power tariff incentives, a concessional rate of interest on loans, investment subsidies/tax incentives, backward areas subsidies, special packages for mega projects. Few examples are -

Andhra Pradesh

  • The government of Andhra Pradesh is committed to providing land at concessional rates, along with 24 hours nonstop power supply.
  • Capital subsidy of 50% for common infrastructure in auto clusters and ASMC developers, up to a maximum of USD 3.07 Mn.
  • Financial assistance limited to 75% of the cost, subject to a maximum of USD 38,461 for obtaining patent registration. While 50% of all charges are subject to a maximum of USD 7,692 paid for obtaining quality certification. This is applicable to only MSME units.
  • Under marketing incentives, 50% of participation cost with a maximum amount of USD 7,692 to be reimbursed to at the most 10 MSME units annually, for participating in international trade fairs.

Gujarat

  • Auto component manufacturers can either avail general incentives under the Gujarat Industrial Policy 2015, or incentive under Mega / Innovative Projects.

Jharkhand

  • Jharkhand introduced the Automobile and Auto Component Policy 2016 with an aim to make Jharkhand, a preferred destination for automobile and auto-component manufacturing units. Provision of financial assistance of 50% for fixed capital investments in building and common infrastructure up to a maximum of USD 3.07 Mn. 100% electricity duty exemption shall be provided for 10 years from the date of production.

Export Incentives

  • Under the Merchandise Export Incentive Scheme (MEIS), automobile manufacturers get a benefit of 2% on vehicle exports.
  • About 20 tariff headings have been considered as “Sensitive items” to be maintained in the negative list of India in most of the trade agreements.

Area Based Incentives

  • Incentives for units in SEZ/NIMZ as specified in respective acts or the setting up of projects in special areas like the Northeast, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
Imvestment Opportunities
  • Passenger vehicles: passenger cars, utility vehicles, multi-purpose vehicles.
  • Two-wheelers: mopeds, scooters, and motorcycles.
  • Three-wheelers: passenger carriers, goods carriers.
  • Commercial vehicles: light commercial vehicles, medium and heavy commercial vehicles.
  • Huge demands for low-cost electric vehicles that are suited for safe short-distance urban commutes (averaging 50-100 km/trip) that are rugged enough to perform reliably through India's summers and monsoon. 

 

Explore projects to invest in Automobile sector >  

Sector Reports
  1. Year End Review 2022: Ministry of Heavy Industries
  2. Electric Vehicles are Poised to Create a $100B+ Opportunity in India by 2030 
Foreign Investors
  • BMW (Germany)
  • Borgward Automotive India Private Limited (Germany)27
  • Daimler India Commercial Vehicles Pvt Ltd (Germany)
  • FIAT (Italy) Ford (USA)
  • General Motors (USA)
  • Honda (Japan)
  • Hyundai (South Korea)
  • Kia Motors (South Korea)27
  • Mercedes (Germany)
  • Nissan (Japan)
  • Piaggio (Italy)
  • Renault (France)
  • Sumitomo Corporation (Japan)27
  • Suzuki (Japan)
  • Toyota (Japan)
  • Volkswagen (Germany)
  • Volvo (Sweden)
Agencies
Sources
  1. “Year Ender 2019 Ministry of Heavy Industry”, PIB, https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1597099 
  2. Mckinsey & Company, The future of mobility in India’s passenger vehicle market, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/the-future-of-mobility-in-indias-passenger-vehicle-market 
  3. Department of Heavy Industries, Annual Report, https://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/DHI_2018-19_annual_report/ENGLISH/mobile/index.html 
  4. Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers, Automobile Export Trends, http://www.siamindia.com/statistics.aspx?mpgid=8&pgidtrail=15 
  5. Factsheet on FDI - April 2000 to March 2020, Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, https://dipp.gov.in/sites/default/files/FDI_Factsheet_March20_28May_2020.pdf
  6. Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers, Automotive Mission Plan 2016-26: A curtain raiser, http://www.siam.in/cpage.aspx?mpgid=16&pgid1=17&pgidtrail=83
  7. “Automotive Mission Plan”, PIB website, Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises, https://pib.nic.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1593562
  8. Mckinsey & Company, The future of mobility in India’s passenger vehicle market, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/the-future-of-mobility-in-indias-passenger-vehicle-market
  9. Mckinsey & Company, The future of mobility in India’s passenger vehicle market, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/automotive-and-assembly/our-insights/the-future-of-mobility-in-indias-passenger-vehicle-market 
  10. Press Information Bureau, Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises - ICAT - A World Class Automotive Testing Centre, https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1571387  
  11. “Year Ender 2019 Ministry of Heavy Industry”, PIB, https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1597099   
  12. “Year Ender 2019 Ministry of Heavy Industry”, PIB, https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1597099  
  13. “Year Ender 2019 Ministry of Heavy Industry”, PIB, https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1597099 
  14. Indo American Chamber of Commerce, IACC Automotive and Auto Ancillaries Forum, https://www.iaccindia.com/automotive/ 
  15. Factsheet on FDI - April 2000 - December 2021, Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, https://dpiit.gov.in/sites/default/files/FDI%20Factsheet%20December%2C%202021.pdf
  16. Department of Heavy Industries, Office Memorandum, https://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/publicationNotificationFAME%20II%208March2019.pdf 
  17. "Indian Automobile Industry – Update", Emerging Markets Information Service (EMIS) 
  18. "Year End Review 2018 – Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises", PIB,  https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1557431 
  19. "Year End Review 2018 – Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises", PIB, https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1557431 
  20. "Automotive Mission Plan 2016-26: A curtain raiser", Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers, http://www.siam.in/uploads/filemanager/47AUTOMOTIVEMISSIONPLAN.pdf
  21. "Automotive Mission Plan 2016-26: A curtain raiser", Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers, http://www.siam.in/uploads/filemanager/47AUTOMOTIVEMISSIONPLAN.pdf
  22. Secunded European Standardization Expert in India, Indian Automobile Industry, http://www.sesei.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Automotive-Sector-Report_-Final.pdf 
  23. Secunded European Standardization Expert in India, Indian Automobile Industry, http://www.sesei.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Automotive-Sector-Report_-Final.pdf 
  24. Secunded European Standardization Expert in India, Indian Automobile Industry, http://www.sesei.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Automotive-Sector-Report_-Final.pdf 
  25. Secunded European Standardization Expert in India, Indian Automobile Industry, http://www.sesei.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Automotive-Sector-Report_-Final.pdf 
  26. Income Tax Department, Section 35: Notified Scientific Research Association, https://www.incometaxindia.gov.in/Pages/utilities/Notified-Scientific-Research.aspx 
  27. Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers, Performance of Auto Industry during 2018-19, http://www.siamindia.com/statistics.aspx?mpgid=8&pgidtrail=9 
  28. Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises, Government of India, https://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/oct2020.pdf
  29. Major Achievements, Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises, Government of India, https://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/May,%202020.pdf
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  31. Major Achievements, Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises, Government of India, https://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/DO_APRIL2021.pdf
  32. Annual Report, https://dhi.nic.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/AR2019_20E.pdf
  33. PIB Release,  https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1731122
  34. PIB Release, https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1774214

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